Life processes
Life processes
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Nutrition-
Nutrition is the process of transfer of energy (food) from outside the body of living organisms to inside the body to obtain energy and to performing basic activities or functions of life.
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| Types of nutrition |
Autotropic Nutrition
It is preformed by green plants and bacteria which use simple food material obtained from inorganic sources in the form of ,carbon dioxide, and water and light energy etc.
Heterotropic Nutrition
Heterotrophic nutrition is a type of nutrition in which organisms depend upon other organisms for food to survive. Heterotrophic organisms have to take in all the organic substances they need to survive.
Nutrition in an amoeba occurs through a process called phagocytosis where the entire organism pretty much engulfs the food it plans on eating up. The mode of nutrition in amoeba is known as holozoic nutrition. It involves the ingestion, digestion and egestion of food material.
Amoeba does not have any specialized organ for nutrition. Its entire process is carried through the body surface with the help of pseudopodia.
Photosynthesis
It is the process in which green plants synthesis organic food in the form of carbohydrate in the presence of sunlight,by taking water and carbon dioxide.
Site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast is the main sites of photosynthesis that occurs in the leaf.It contains green pigment called chlorophyll which traps solar energy in the form of photons. (light energy in the form of packs )
Raw materials required for Photosynthesis
- Water to form oxygen.
- Carbon dioxide to form carbohydrate.
- Chlorophyll to trap solar energy.
- Sunlight is responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Events of photosynthesis
- Solar energy is traped and it is converted into chemical energy.
- Water is a compound which is converted into oxygen.
- Carbon dioxide is reduced to carbohydrate.
External structure of leaves
Enternal structure of leaves consists of :-
- Lamina
- Petiole
- Veins
- Midrib
Internal structure of leaves :-
Internal structure of leaves consists of:-
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| internal structure of leaf |
- Cuticle
- Upper epidermis
- Lower epidermis
- Guard cell
- Stomata
Upper epidermis :-
It is made up of single layer of cell. It doesn't have chlorophyll. It is covered by waxy transparent cuticle. It protects inner parts of the cell and prevents transportation.
Lower epidermis :-
It contains Stomata which helps in exchange of gases.
Stomata :-
It is made up of tiny pores helps in exchange of gases.
Stomata :-
It is made up of tiny pores helps in exchange of gases.
guard cell:-
It is rod shaped and it has its nucleus and cytoplasm. it helps in exchange of gases and in transportation.
It is rod shaped and it has its nucleus and cytoplasm. it helps in exchange of gases and in transportation.
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